The data-link layer is divided into two sublayers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer. Other functionalities of this layer are: framing of data, physical addressing, flow control, and access control. The data-link layer also synchronizes the information that has to be transmitted through data. This layer forms frames from data bits and plays a vital role in error detection and corrections. Hubs and repeaters are commonly used in this layer to physically transfer the information.Дata-link layer is responsible for a reliable node-to-node delivery of data. Other essential functionalities of this layer include managing transmission modes, synchronization, and line configuration. In this layer, data is transmitted in the form of bits and is represented as either 0 or 1. The physical layer is responsible for sending bits from one computer to another. It deals with everything providing physical connectivity in a network, such as Ethernet cables, fiber cables, telephone cables, and wall jacks. Physical layer is the first layer in OSI model. Starting from bottom to top, the OSI model consists of these seven layers: Lower layers of an OSI model are where most of the issues occur. Troubleshooting a network using the layers of the OSI model requires us to know and understand their respective functionalities. To troubleshoot a network issue, we first need to identify the problem and track it down in a systematic manner. The OSI model consists of seven layers that help createВ a visual model of a network and its protocols. It is a standardized framework model for all the network-related schemes and their functioning. It enables a user to understand network architecture and how data is passed in a network. OSI (Open System Interconnection) model is one of the basic concepts in networking. This can be done by gathering all the background information regarding the network and its functioning. Although there is no oneВ method or technique for network troubleshooting, it is always advisable to first understand and analyze the entire network in a systematic way. Networks are prone to problems that can occur in any form, ranging from minor issues that can be easily resolved to complexВ issues that can be difficult and expensive to fix. In many cases, a basic understanding of the OSI model and its seven layers is all you need to get a handle on these issues. You don't have to beВ a network administrator or a network expert to troubleshoot common network issues. Is your network slowing down or acting up? Seven may be your lucky number.

Open osi file